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AGA’s facility for liquefied natural gas (LNG) will be inaugurated outside Nynäshamn, Sweden on 27 May. The first in the Baltic Sea region, the terminal is AGA’s largest venture ever. Natural gas can replace oil in industrial processes and as a fuel for land and sea-based transport, reducing emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur oxide and particles.
The first LNG delivery arrived in mid-March from Risavika, Norway on a specially-constructed vessel. A further two deliveries have since arrived. This is the first time that natural gas has been delivered to Sweden in this way. The large tanker, currently berthed outside of Nynäshamn, is 35 metres high, 20,000 m3 in volume and will soon be filled with liquefied natural gas.
Liquefied natural gas is condensed into a liquid and then cooled to minus 162 degrees Celsius. This reduces its volume 600 times, making transport much more efficient. Onward transport to the end customer is done by tanker truck and may also be done by tanker train in future.
Transport:
The market for fuel gas continues to grow rapidly, both within the private and public sectors. Fuel gases, including biogas, natural gas or a combination of these, are cleaner as fuels than petrol or diesel. Gas-fuelled vehicles emit less nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide and particles, and create less noise.
Maritime travel
Maritime travel is currently the most polluting form of travel, producing large emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulphur dioxide, particles and hydrocarbons. Maritime transport is expected to increase by 45% between 2000 and 2020, which will also result in a corresponding increase in emissions. This means that natural gas has a competitive advantage over traditional fuels. Compared with standard marine fuels, the burning of natural gas creates significantly fewer emissions of nitrogen oxide and no emissions of harmful particles or sulphur oxides. The CO2 emission levels can be up to 30 per cent lower compared to the burning of oil.
Industry:
The advantage of liquefied natural gas is that it can be used both as fuel and raw material. This provides a quick and easily controlled heating process. The replacement of fuel oils with natural gas, for example, has a positive effect on the environment and makes perfect financial sense. Producing lower carbon dioxide emissions, liquefied natural gas also has environmental benefits as a raw material in process industries. The use of natural gas also results in reduced energy usage, more efficient production and a better working environment, as the gas is clean and does not emit any carbon or ash in the production process.